Specific+Crusades


 * __The First Crusade (1096-1099)__**

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**The beginning of the Crusades started with merging the Byzantine Christians with the Roman Christians by putting aside their differences to fight as a whole, with the same purpose--to not let the Muslim faith spread. This was the time that people came from lands far away to fight in the Holy Land, and gain their access to Heaven for fighting in God's name. The first crusade started in 1096 and went on for three years as the Christians struggled to obtain Jerusalem. This was the only crusade that the Christians came close to almost achieving its goals, and by 1099, the Christians had captured Jerusalem, massacring many Muslims and Jewish people who resided in Jerusalem at the time.**

**__The Second Crusade (1147-1149)__** ** Upon their victory in Jerusalem, the Christians created the Crusader States, the County of Edessa, the Principality of Anitoch, the County of Tripoli, and the Kingdom of Jerusalem. During this time, the Muslims claimed Edessa, and the Muslim leader Saladin officially made his first appearance in the crusades, and succeeded in overthrowing Egypt and eventually taking Jerusalem back from the Christians. **

__**The Third Crusade (1189-1192)**__ **The Third Crusade began as an attempt by the Muslims to recapture Jerusalem from the Christians. The siege of Acre occurred during the Third Crusade and lasted for 2 years. Saladin lead the attack against the Christians, who were lead by King Richard the Lionheart of England. After being outsmarted in every aspect of this siege, Saladin never risked an attack on Richard again. However, the Siege at Acre was the only battle during the Third Crusade that the Christians were successful in.**

** __The Fourth Crusade (1202-1204)__ ** **Conflicts began once again with the recently united Byzantine and Roman Christians during this crusade. The two groups got distracted from their overall purpose of capturing the Holy Land and were instead caught up in their own little rivalries. In fact, during 1204, Roman Christians attacked and stole from Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire.** __**The Fifth Crusade (1217-1221)**__ **With Saladin still in control of Jerusalem, the Fifth Crusade ended with Christians getting essentially nowhere in their quest for the Holy Land. Europeans struggled to keep fighting after so many loses, and some questioned whether or not to keep going.**

__**The Sixth Crusade (1228-1229)**__ **Lead by the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II, the Christians once again tried to take Jerusalem. With minimal warfare, Frederick obtained Jerusalem along with several other major cities by settling an agreement with the Sultan of Egypt, also the ruler of Jerusalem. Their control over the land only lasted fifteen years though.**

__**The Seventh and Eighth Crusade (1248-1291)**__ **Both the Seventh and Eighth Crusades were practically failures on the Christians part. Led by King Louis IX, the Seventh Crusade Louis captured the city of Damietta, but the king died in 1270 before the Eighth Crusade ended.** __**The Ninth Crusade (1271-1272)**__ **The final major battle of the Holy War was led by Prince Edward. This crusade was the end of the Crusades in the Middle East, but Crusades in still continued in Europe for more than 50 years later when they finally ended in 1244.** __**The Aftermath**__ <span style="color: #7b3c7b; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 130%;">**Eventually, enthusiasm died down in both religions and the Crusades finally came to a close after almost two centuries of fighting.**
 * __[|A video from History.com about the end of the Crusades]__**

<span style="color: #7b3c7b; display: block; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 130%; text-align: center;">**[|To Learn More about each Crusade]**